Ambition and the Seduction of Crowds

Crowds are like alcoholic beverages. They can make you a little tipsy. Or, one might say, they go to your head.

A story is told about Hale Boggs, the 17th Majority Leader of the United States House of Representatives. It seems that the congressman had just given a speech — a smashing triumph, at least in his mind.

He and his wife were leaving the auditorium, driven away in a limo. Feeling pretty puffed-up, he referred to himself as he uttered:

You know Lindy, there just aren’t that many great men anymore.

At that moment, Lindy Boggs, herself no wallflower, couldn’t bear her husband’s overblown ego. Her response punctured his balloon:

You are certainly right, dear. And what’s more, there is one less than you think!

Our audiences matter to most of us. Do the listeners and watchers “cheer, boo, or raise a hullabaloo,” as an old song suggests?

Perhaps because the majority find the stage intimidating, we admire those who command it. Moreover, more than a few of us search for a godlike or fatherly figure to “make it all better” and lead the way.

We remember gifted teachers, public speakers, and musicians who touched our hearts while walking the concert hall’s high wire.

Unless one turns away from political rancor, our hopes are invested in those who dominate the political version of the podium. They sometimes appear young, energetic, witty, and handsome, like John Fitzgerald Kennedy, or patriarchal, wise, and comforting, like Ronald Reagan.

Most who take the stage begin their training for a reason other than future admiration. However, once the cheering starts, the seduction of their soul becomes challenging to prevent.

Perhaps one should say a mutual seduction occurs. The spellbinding oratory of the speaker sweeps the audience away, while the former is lured by the crowd’s roar and the body of people who surround him.

He is wanted. Think Elvis or the Beatles.

Ambition is complicated. At its best, ambitious scientists, builders, writers, and leaders have, like Moses, helped us find the way to the promised land of enlightenment, health, beauty, and victory.

At its worst, they use whatever advantage celebrity provides to further their desires.

Some towering figures fall into both categories. The enthusiasm of an adoring public produces rule-breaking opportunities that are hard to resist.

People have been killed because of their ambition by those who wished to defeat it. Think of political assassinations.

After he and his Senate cohorts murdered Julius Caesar, Shakespeare’s Brutus spoke these words to justify his actions, claiming affection for Caesar but fear of his ambition:

Had you rather Caesar were living and

die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live

all free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him;

as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was

valiant, I honour him: but, as he was ambitious, I

slew him.

Too often, athletes, performers, and politicians stay on the stage well past their use-by date. If they are prominent and admired enough, not even their diminishing talents cause them to suffer involuntary removal from a position of glorified status or power.

Some do know when to leave, however. I asked a retired Chicago Symphony woodwind player how he decided to resign from his decades-long tenure with the CSO.

Well, I thought it better to hear people tell me I still played well and should have stayed than for them to say, ‘Yeah, I guess it was time to go.’

Famous baseball players like Joe DiMaggio and Sandy Koufax displayed the same wisdom, departing the field of play on their own terms.

And yet it is easy to simplify the question of ambition by suggesting that continuing one’s work is fueled only by its intoxicating benefits. There is the love of the job, joy in performance, desire to repair the world, and all the factors that motivate people to create and better the condition of humanity.

On the subject of creativity, I heard Herbert von Karajan perform two concerts at Carnegie Hall with the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra in the last year of his life. The conductor’s chronic back issues prevented him from walking to the podium without assistance.

Once on the platform, he mounted a modified bicycle seat that gave the illusion of him standing, but he must have been in excruciating pain.

Karajan offered a lesson in willpower. For the aged maestro, making beautiful music was worth everything. During each performance, time’s passage, and Karajan’s infirmity disappeared. He and his life became the music, and the fusion sustained him.

I will close this essay with evidence that ambition can be set aside even in politics.

Governor Adlai Stevenson of Illinois once said, “The hardest thing in any political campaign is how to win without proving you are unworthy of winning.”

Stevenson was the Democratic Party nominee for President in 1952 and 1956. He also was beaten twice at the ballot box, both times by Dwight Eisenhower.

Early in his first run for the nation’s highest office, the candidate met with Texas Governor Shivers to discuss ownership of the offshore oil adjacent to states like Texas, Louisiana, and California.

The states hoped that Stevenson would, at least, stay noncommital on the contentious question of rights the Federal Government also wanted.

As the conference proceeded, however, Stevenson made clear his stance in favor of the Federal Government: he would not remain neutral on the issue but publically indicate his opposition to the states’ position.

One person in attendance pointed out the political disadvantage to the office seeker if he did so:

“But Governor Stevenson, if you insist on doing that, you can’t win.”

“I don’t have to win.”

Ambition needn’t be everything.

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The first of three photos is Henry Grossman’s album cover photo for The Beatles — All You Need is Love and Baby, You’re a Rich Man, 1967.

Next comes the cover of Modern Screen Magazine featuring Elvis Presley when he was leaving to join the army in June 1958.

Finally, a shot that came to be called Adlai Bares His Sole or Adlai’s Worn Sole from a Stevenson campaign appearance in 1952 in Flint, Michigan. It won the 1953 Pulitzer Prize for Photography and was captured by William M. Gallagher.

All of these were sourced from Wikimedia Commons.

A Checklist For Change

Mark Twain (aka Samuel Clemens)

If you meet someone not seen in 20 years, only to discover he is unchanged, you might ask

Why not? Shouldn’t he have been altered by time and experience?

Unless your old friend has been “on ice” — freeze-dried, flash-frozen, cryogenically preserved — isn’t change a reasonable expectation?

The writer Mark Twain thought so. He saw the long-gone youthful version of himself in need of lots of revision:

Ignorance, intolerance, egotism, self-assertion, opaque perception, dense and pitiful chuckleheadedness — and an almost pathetic unconsciousness of it all, that is what I was at 19 and 20.

Unfortunately, not everyone is as self-observing and motivated to reshape himself as was Twain. According to Edward Young in Love of Fame:

At 30 man suspects himself a fool;
knows it at 40, and reforms his plan;
At 50 chides his infamous delay,
Pushes his prudent purpose to resolve;
In all his magnanimity of thought
Resolves; and re-resolves; then dies the same.

The 19th-century writer Robert Louis Stevenson was less amusing and more scornful on the same subject:

To hold the same views at 40 as we held at 20 is to have been stupefied for a score of years, and take rank, not as a prophet, but as an unteachable brat, well birched (spanked) but none the wiser.

It is as if a ship’s captain should sail to India from the Port of London; and having brought a chart (map) of the Thames (River) on deck at his first setting out, should obstinately use no other for the whole voyage.”

What follows is a short (and incomplete) checklist of areas of personality or behavior that might be expected to alter during adult life.

The Thing You Cannot Do. Let’s start with something different for each person.

Late in her long life, Eleanor Roosevelt was asked what guidance she might give to the people listening to her on the radio. She said,

You must do the thing you think you cannot do.

Indeed there is no better or more crucial potential area of change than whatever the “thing” is for you. What is it that is too hard, too scary?

Only you know the answer.

Physical Activity. “Use it or lose it.” T.S Elliot put it in a few more words —

The years between 50 and 70 are the hardest. You are always being asked to do things, and yet you are not decrepit enough to turn them down.

Don’t let your bodily capacities go without a fight. Concede only what age requires, not more.

Interests. Do you read only the same types of books, listen only to the same music, engage in the identical hobbies of your youth? Some people keep learning, exploring, and investigating new things. They say that it keeps them young.

Beware of retirement without friendships and other interests to fill your former workday. Those who lack such things are often miserable. One is well advised to diversify one’s investments in activities and people, not just a financial portfolio.

Appearances. Ecclesiastes tells us “all is vanity.” That portion of the Bible reminds us that much of what we value has no real meaning or purpose. Thus, perhaps your attitude toward the “appearance” of things, whether it be a dress or your residence, might be subject to modification as you age.

The wise man or woman recognizes what is worth esteem and dismisses many contrary opinions of others.

Material Things. To continue the point just made, no one gets out alive. In the end, you leave life with as little as you had when you arrived. Nonetheless, some become more covetous, continuing to shop and buy in an apparent effort to outlast their possessions.

In contrast, others care less for “things” and disencumber themselves, including giving their money away.

Self-Assertion/Anger. One might hope to learn diplomacy, be more direct, enlarge the capacity to stand up for oneself, and reduce sarcasm, not to mention outbursts and a desire for vengeance.

KIndness. If you have not realized the importance of kindness, then you may as well live on a desert island by yourself.

Food. Do you eat only what your mother made for you? Other things might be delicious. Do you dine the same way you did growing up or moderate your appetite and control salt intake?

Time. Most people become more mindful of time’s passage as they age, sensing its increased velocity with less of the race track of time ahead. Robert Southey wrote,

Live as long as you may; the first twenty years are the longest half of your life!.

If this notion doesn’t alter how you use the fleeting moment — cause you to employ it wisely — you are not paying attention to a basic fact of human existence. For example, famous musicians (Artur Schnabel, Carlo Maria Giulini, and Bruno Walter) narrowed their repertoire as they aged. They wished to concentrate on the music most meaningful to them, knowing the day was short.

Sex. Biology and age dictate some changes in this department.

Plato applauded the reduction of passion in older men. He believed they were not as much the plaything of the hormonal flood as those in the burst of early manhood. Rationality was thereby increased in his view.

An old joke about intercourse and marriage goes something like this. If you put a penny in a jar every time you have sex in the first year of a permanent relationship and take one out every time after that, you will never empty the container!

Money. If you know someone who lived through the “Great Depression,” you may realize traumatic events can generate long-lasting effects. Many of those who survived a decade of 25% unemployment remained very careful about spending. Remember, too, the photos of children pushing wheelbarrows full of paper currency during the German hyperinflation of the 1920s just to purchase a loaf of bread.

On the other side are those who spend without regard to the possibility they might need it for a rainy day or their child’s education.

Ambition. Most of what is excellent in the world, and too much of what isn’t, is due to ambition. I’m speaking of blind and belligerent ambition in the latter case.

This quality tends to swallow younger selves, but some of the power-hungry are only chronologically mature, to humanity’s misfortune. Here are thoughts from Colin Davis, a 38-year-old symphony conductor, when he offered them:

I think that to so many, what happens (as we age) is the death of ambition in the conventional sense. The great driving motor that prods you and exasperates you and brings out the worst qualities in you for about 20 years is beginning to be a bit moth-eaten and tired.

I find that I’m altogether much quieter, I think; I don’t love music any less; but there’s not the excess of energy that I used to spend in enthusiasm and in intoxication (with it). I feel much freer than I’ve ever been in my life.

Friendship. Besides freedom from physical pain and financial instability, little produces mature life satisfaction as much as friendship. Many realize this as they age and come to value fraternity and intimacy more.

Appreciation. Some of us see the downside of life, others the upside. The unlucky may have good reason to be unhappy.

Unhappiness can also be found in how an individual perceives the world. His lived reality may not be much worse than the norm. As the losses pile up later in life, we do well to nourish our sense of gratitude.

Being Like Your Parents. Just about everyone tries to make sure they imitate only their parents’ good characteristics, leaving the rest behind. The act of disencumbering ourselves of this unwanted baggage is the job of a lifetime if one is honest.

Robert Lowell described its difficulty in “Middle Age” from For the Union Dead:

At forty-five,
what next, what next?
At every corner,
I meet my Father,
my age, still alive.

A sobering thought. But then, much depends on cherry-picking the best of your parents.

No time to lose. Or, perhaps, you needn’t make haste.

I guess it all hinges on what you think about the need to change.

But trust me, you do need to. Rainer Maria Rilke’s Archiac Torso of Apollo very simply:

You must change your life.

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The top photo is of Mark Twain.